sawat in 2020

Pakistan in recent years has stumbled from one crisis to another. The future of the country, with 175 million mostly impoverished people and dozens of nuclear weapons, hangs in the balance. Regional rivalries, political instability, military dominance in the policy making arena and rising religious extremist trends are only making these challenges seem more intractable. Although Pakistan's vibrant civil society, relatively open (but often rumor-mongering) media, and assertive judiciary provide some hope, economic and development indicators are dismal.

Against this backdrop, the Asia Society is launching a Task Force and public program series entitled Pakistan 2020: A Vision for a Better Future and a Roadmap for Getting There to assess the political, social and economic challenges faced by Pakistan today and provide a series of recommendations for how the country can begin to pave a path towards peace and stability in the coming decade.

The Task Force will offer a roadmap for establishing stability, sustainable democratic order, and a pluralistic society in the country. Five core issue areas essential to realizing a sound future for Pakistan by 2020 will be examined:(1) improving the internal security situation; (2) moving the peace process with India forward; (3) enhancing the development sector; (4) strengthening democratic institutions; and (5) improving the rule of law. In each of these areas, a desired state of affairs for the year 2020 will be outlined and a road map will be developed to help find a way to get from here to there.

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Pakistani students sit on top of an overloaded mini bus as they ride home from school in Lahore SYNOPSIS SINO-PAKISTAN MILITARYALLIANCE: 2020-2025Col Virendra Sahai Verma ® Research Scholar Jawaharlal Nehru University,New DelhiSino-Pakistan ?excellent, strategic and permanent friendship? has been influencing the geo- strategic balance in South Asia for the last forty years. The main driver for this unique Sino-Pakistan friendship had been the common enmity with India and Pakistan?s perception of itself as a insecure small state. It has acquired a new dimension with growing Sino-Indian relationship and recent US India civilian nuclear accord. The aim of this presentation is to analyze the potential of this alliance in foreseeable future, next two decades or so.Width and Depth of Relationship The signing of Sino-Pakistan Border and Trade Agreement in March 1963 was a turning point in strategic south Asia which resulted in resolution of their border dispute and construction of Karakoram Highway which was completed in 1969. Thereafter, followed the massive Sino-Pakistan defense co-operation which provided cheap and fairly good quality armament to Pakistan. This kept the conventional arms balance between India and Pakistan within reasonable limits. In 1997, 78% of their main battle tanks, 63% of combat aircraft and 77% of patrol boats and missile crafts in service in Pakistan were of Chinese origin. The defense co-operation is multi- dimensional and has encouraged self reliance and indigenization. The most unique factor in the mutually beneficial ties has been the nuclear and missiles co-operation which has defied international forms and IAEA safeguards. The nuclear support to Pakistan has been in transfer of weapon designs, setting up of enrichment plants, conduct of nuclear tests on behalf of Pakistan, imparting training and supply of heavy water. Pakistani core arsenal of Shaheen 1 and 2 (latter recently tested) missiles are the product of M 9 Chinese missiles factory transferred to Pakistan in 1987-88. This transfer would keep Pakistan in favourable position with India in missiles systems for the next twenty years though it does not possess the requisite technological and industrial base as India does.Strong future potential is in Gwadar Deep Sea Port being constructed close to strait of Hormuz at the entrance of Persian gulf with Chinese financial and technological assistance. This project, the first phase completed in 2005, is being marketed as the future hub of commercial activity in the region linking China with Middle East and Central Asia and Afghanistan with Arabian sea.The negative aspect of growing trade via Karakoram has been the Pakistan based Osama Bin Ladin outfit?s support to Ughurs separatists fighting for independent Turkistan..However, both countries are keeping the issue confined to themselves and under check Growing Sino-Indian RelationsSino-Indian relations are moving towards resolution of their border dispute and booming trade. Trade would boost further with Nathula trade corridor opening shortly and extension of Gormo-

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